Demonstration of a Thermally Coupled Row-Column SNSPD Imaging Array

While single-pixel superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) have demonstrated remarkable efficiency and timing performance from the UV to near-IR, scaling these devices to large imaging arrays remains challenging. Here, we propose a new SNSPD multiplexing system using thermal coupling and detection correlations between two photosensitive layers of an array. Using this architecture with the channels of one layer oriented in rows and the second layer in columns, we demonstrate imaging capability in 16-pixel arrays with accurate spot tracking at the few-photon level. We also explore the performance trade-offs of orienting the top layer nanowires parallel and perpendicular to the bottom layer. The thermally coupled row-column scheme is readily able to scale to the kilopixel size with existing readout systems and, when combined with other multiplexing architectures, has the potential to enable megapixel scale SNSPD imaging arrays

On-the-fly memory compression for multibody algorithms.

Memory and bandwidth demands challenge developers of particle-based codes that have to scale on new architectures, as the growth of concurrency outperforms improvements in memory access facilities, as the memory per core tends to stagnate, and as communication networks cannot increase bandwidth arbitrary. We propose to analyse each particle of such a code to find out whether a hierarchical data representation storing data with reduced precision caps the memory demands without exceeding given error bounds. For admissible candidates, we perform this compression and thus reduce the pressure on the memory subsystem, lower the total memory footprint and reduce the data to be exchanged via MPI. Notably, our analysis and transformation changes the data compression dynamically, i.e. the choice of data format follows the solution characteristics, and it does not require us to alter the core simulation code

Comparative characteristics of tuberculous pleurisy depending on HIV status

Goal of the study: to study specific manifestations of tuberculous pleurisy in HIV patients, to evaluate the efficiency of video-assisted thoracoscopy when diagnosing tuberculous pleurisy in case of different HIV status of the patients.Materials and methods: 241 tuberculous pleurisy patients were examined. 88 – HIV positive (group 1), 153 – HIV negative (group 2). Average CD4 count in group 1 made 189 cells/mcl. The following parameters were compared in those groups: clinical and X-ray manifestations, microbiological, cytologic and biochemical rates in blood and effluent. 77 patients with isolated pleurisy (of them 33 HIV positive) had video-assisted thoracoscopy with biopsy for diagnostic purposes. The data of histological examination of pleura, obtained through video-assisted thoracoscopy and autopsy have been presented.Results: tuberculous pleurisy with concurrent HIV infection is characterized by frequent occurrence of hemorrhagic effusion, scarce cellular sediment of effluent, expressed reduction of glucose level and increase of thymol test rates in effluent. Regardless of HIV status the frequency of tuberculous mycobacteria detection through microscopy and culture is low and does not exceed 10%. Histological testing of specimens obtained through video-assisted thoracoscopy allowed proving tuberculosis in all patients thus differentiating tuberculous changes from metastases. Thus video-assisted thoracoscopy can be recommended for diagnostics of difficult cases of tuberculous pleurisy regardless of HIV status.From morphological point of view tuberculous pleurisy was characterized by specific granulomas which were presented by lymphoid and epithelioid cells with Pirogov-Langhans cells with minor caseous necrosis in the center (9.1%) or its complete absence (90.9%)

Time-walk and jitter correction in SNSPDs at high count rates

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are a leading detector type for time correlated single photon counting, especially in the near-infrared. When operated at high count rates, SNSPDs exhibit increased timing jitter caused by internal device properties and features of the RF amplification chain. Variations in RF pulse height and shape lead to variations in the latency of timing measurements. To compensate for this, we demonstrate a calibration method that correlates delays in detection events with the time elapsed between pulses. The increase in jitter at high rates can be largely canceled in software by applying corrections derived from the calibration process. We demonstrate our method with a single-pixel tungsten silicide SNSPD and show it decreases high count rate jitter. The technique is especially effective at removing a long tail that appears in the instrument response function at high count rates. At a count rate of 11.4 MCounts/s we reduce the full width at one percent maximum level (FW1%M) by 45%. The method therefore enables certain quantum communication protocols that are rate-limited by the (FW1%M) metric to operate almost twice as fast. \c{opyright} 2022. All rights reserved.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Demonstration of a Thermally Coupled Row-Column SNSPD Imaging Array

While single-pixel superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) have demonstrated remarkable efficiency and timing performance from the UV to near-IR, scaling these devices to large imaging arrays remains challenging. Here, we propose a new SNSPD multiplexing system using thermal coupling and detection correlations between two photosensitive layers of an array. Using this architecture with the channels of one layer oriented in rows and the second layer in columns, we demonstrate imaging capability in 16-pixel arrays with accurate spot tracking at the few-photon level. We also explore the performance trade-offs of orienting the top layer nanowires parallel and perpendicular to the bottom layer. The thermally coupled row-column scheme is readily able to scale to the kilopixel size with existing readout systems and, when combined with other multiplexing architectures, has the potential to enable megapixel scale SNSPD imaging arrays

The use of SSR-markers in rice breeding for resistance to blast and submergence tolerance

Received: March 16th, 2022 ; Accepted: July 20th, 2022 ; Published: September 6th, 2022 ; Correspondence: [email protected] identification of effective specialized DNA markers providing the clear control of target locus inheritance by the trait of submergence tolerance has been conducted. Among the studied set of microsatellite markers, two the most informative SSR-markers - RM 7481, PrC3 showed high efficiency in detecting intraspecific polymorphism of rice varieties and lines used in the work. With the use of these markers the clear genotype marking the obtained hybrid rice plants by this trait has been conducted and it is has been verified by phenotype evaluation as a result of laboratory trials. The plant samples carrying the target gene in heterozygous and homozygous state has been selected. About 400 backcrossed self-pollinated rice lines with introgressed and pyramided resistance genes Pi-1, Pi-2, Pi-33, Pi-ta, Pi-b to Pyricularia oryzae Cav. were obtained within the frameworks of program to develop genetic rice sources resistant to blast. The conducted testing for resistance to blast and the assessment by economically valuable traits have allowed to select the prospective rice samples. The plant samples of F2 and BC1F1 generations with combination of resistance to blast genes (Pi) and submergence tolerance gene (Sub1A) in homozygous and heterozygous state that is confirmed be the results of analysis of their DNA have been obtained. The obtained hybrid plants are being tested in breeding nurseries for a complex of economically valuable traits. The best plants will be selected and send to State Variety Testing system. Their involving in rice industry will reduce the use of plant protection chemicals against diseases and weeds, thereby increasing the ecology status of the rice industry